Many sea and jungle products are unique to the region, and were therefore much desired by international traders in early times. Virtually all of the mobilization efforts, however, were based on Japanese models, and the new rulers were frustrated to discover that Southeast Asians did not behave in the same fashion as Japanese. During the interim, the Japanese were obliged by the Allies to keep the peace, but real power passed into the hands of Southeast Asian leaders, some of whom declared independence and attempted with varying degrees of success to establish government structures. More recent research suggests that the differences arose within the islands themselves, through the intermixture of an original settlement of non-Austronesian-language speakers (. Each country arrived at its own solution, with varying degrees of success. Down through the Straits of Malacca and then up through the South China Sea, there are at all times inhabited coasts not far off to either side. Tutorial 4: Was the independence of Southeast Asian countries inevitable in the post-World War II period? Most of these islands are volcanic and coral creations. Such was the groundwork for the establishment of new independent states. HISTORY OF SOUTHEAST ASIA. Its scope is the whole of Southeast Asia and not just the mainland, which has in the past received undue emphasis possibly because of the Vietnam War. Pages 263-283 . In the Philippines the assault by Pres. The Cham establish themselves in a region which becomes known as Champa (approximately south Vietnam); the Khmer are their neighbours to the west, in Cambodia; further again to the west are the Mon, ruling in Thailand and southern Burma. RPC History Grade 8. In retrospect, some of these policies had a recognizably modern ring to them, and, taken together, they represented, if not a revolution, at least a concerted effort at change. In July 1994 the inaugural ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) was convened to facilitate talks between ASEAN and its “dialogue partners” across the globe. For another, the new leadership retained the commitment to modernization that it had developed earlier. The Japanese had no plans to radicalize or in any way destabilize Southeast Asia—which, after all, was slated to become part of a Tokyo-centred Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere; in the short term they sought to win the war, and in the long run they hoped to modernize the region on a Japanese model. This makes it an idea book to dip into to read up about an individual country for a traveler in the area; a starter for anyone setting out to learn more detailed history of the area later, or a easy reading and interesting history book for the interested reader. Pages 284-300. On the one hand, this meant a far greater role for Japan in Southeast Asia; that country is by far the most important trading partner of most Southeast Asian nations. They also do not appear to have experienced the same degree of rural unrest that troubled their colonial neighbours in the 1920s and ’30s. For one thing, societies as a whole had been too much altered in the late 19th and early 20th centuries to make it clear what “tradition” really was. The Japanese were wary of these people because of their Western orientation but also favoured them because they represented the most modern element in indigenous society, the best partner for the present, and the best hope for the future. 319-346. Volume II: 6. By August 1945 they stood poised to inherit (or, given the variety of political conditions at the end of the war, to struggle among themselves over inheriting) the mantle of leadership over their own countries. Little wonder that before long Southeast Asians began to observe that, despite “Asia for the Asians” propaganda, the new and old colonial rulers had more in common with each other than either had with the indigenous peoples. In the 1st century BC Indian traders penetrate, A narrow coastal strip of southeast Asia, between the Red River and the Mekong (the extent of modern Vietnam), becomes prosperous when rice begins to be cultivated in the last few centuries BC. Southeast Asia has long been seen as a unity, although other terms have been used to describe it: Further India, Little China, the Nanyang. Southeast Asia was changed in an evolutionary, rather than revolutionary, way by the Japanese occupation. Economic history of Southeast Asia Kenneth R. Hall 5. Some Southeast Asian intellectuals soon drew the conclusion that they had better educate themselves, and they began establishing their own schools with modern, secular courses of study. 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